Get to know your soil

Texture
Sandy soils often drain quickly; clay-rich soils hold more water and may compact. Loam describes a balance of particle sizes, not a guarantee of fertility.

Drainage
Use containers with open holes. Dense garden soil alone may be unsuitable for pots. Add mature compost and suitable aeration material according to the plant and conditions.

Testing
Do not guess pH or nutrient deficiencies from location alone. For persistent problems, use a reliable soil test. Do not add lime or other pH-changing amendments without evidence.